The use of ultrasound in Orthopaedics is constantly increasing as it is an important tool in the imaging assessment and monitoring of Orthopaedic diseases.

   Ultrasound machines and their corresponding echo probes for the musculoskeletal system are evolving and their resolution and imaging accuracy is constantly improving.

   
   The ultrasound scanner emits sound waves which are reflected in the tissues giving detailed anatomical images.

   The examination has no radiation or magnetic field, so it has virtually no contraindications such as pregnancy, the presence of a pacemaker and restrictions such as claustrophobia or metallic objects in the body.

   The absence of radiation and the fact that it is affordable make it possible on the one hand to image and evaluate multiple areas, and on the other hand to repeat the examination and monitor the progress of e.g. the recovery of muscle contusions.

    An important advantage of ultrasound over other imaging methods is the possibility of dynamic evaluation, i.e. the examination is performed during the movement of a joint and the adjacent tissues and soft tissues.

   Another advantage is the possibility of guided injections and invasive procedures in difficult areas with great precision without the radiation of radiography or CT scanning.

   Diseases in which it is useful are arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.), muscle diseases, sports injuries and musculoskeletal tumors.

    The limitations of ultrasound examination in the musculoskeletal system are the difficulty of imaging some deep structures and the fact that it cannot penetrate bone structures to visualise the complete bone structure. This is where radiography, CT and MRI are superior and preferred.

   The quality of the examination is greatly influenced by the skill and correct technique of the examiner. Also by the detailed knowledge and capabilities of the ultrasound machine as well as the selection of the appropriate echo probe therefore training, experience and proper equipment are essential.

   In conclusion, it is an imaging method friendly and accessible to the patient without contraindications or risks with many advantages and a very useful tool for the Orthopaedic Surgeon